Bekoff, M. (2022, July 4). Why you shouldn’t yank a dog’s leash. Psychology Today. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/animal-emotions/202207/yanking-dogs-leash-welfare-concern-dogs-and-humans?fbclid=IwAR2DCIr8fGbeJjoE_S1WQ4KYVVYmriQQ6HdXz42ZVccUmLyWDfe6tdaPgek
This study compares the effects of social and physical enrichment on the behaviour and physiological responses of group and pair-housed beagles. Some 432 h of observation were collected from 48 beagles assigned equally to four groups: (1) a control group, (2) a group given increased opportunities for social contact with conspecifics, (3) a group given 30 s day−1 of intensive handling, and (4) a group provided with three different toys/chews permanently suspended in the pen: Rawhide, Gumabone chew and a piece of plastic tubing.
Todd, Z. (2022, July 30). Dogs who attended puppy class are more trainable. Companion Animal Psychology. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://www.companionanimalpsychology.com/2019/09/dogs-who-attended-puppy-class-are-more.html?fbclid=IwAR0mRL3alQ1vvr6cB8AusD5-cSYa61_ibHnHH-8aMAeFXCzUTH56DgH_92I&m=1
Donovan, L. (2022, July 7). Puppy socialization: How to socialize a puppy. American Kennel Club. Retrieved January 2, 2023, from https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/training/puppy-socialization/
Austin Pets Alive. (2019). WHAT TO EXPECT WHEN YOUR PREGNANT FOSTER DOG IS EXPECTING. Retrieved June 20, 2023, from https://americanpetsalive.org/uploads/resources/What-to-Expect-When-Your-Pregnant-Foster-Dog-is-Expecting-1.pdf.
This article offers tips to understanding the facial expressions and body language of dogs especially those that indicate that the dog is anxious or uncomfortable.